World · Heads of State & Government · Foreign Ministers
Who is Who — World by Country
63 verified office holders · Last updated 2026-11-01 — every name checked against official or news sources before it is listed here.
Country by country: the head of state, the head of government and the foreign minister of every country the one-paper papers actually test. Learn them in this order and a whole family of questions — "who is the current president of…", "who is the foreign minister of…" — becomes free marks.
Afghanistan
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Supreme Leader (Islamic Emirate) | Hibatullah Akhundzada | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs (acting) | Amir Khan Muttaqi | — |
Australia
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Anthony Albanese | — |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | Penny Wong | — |
Bangladesh
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Mohammed Shahabuddin | — |
| Prime Minister | Tarique Rahman | 17 February 2026 |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Dr Khalilur Rahman | 17 February 2026 |
Brazil
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Mauro Vieira | 2023 |
Canada
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Mark Carney | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Anita Anand | 13 May 2025 |
China
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Xi Jinping | — |
| Premier | Li Qiang | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Wang Yi | 2023 |
Egypt
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Abdel Fattah El-Sisi | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Dr Badr Abdelatty | — |
France
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Emmanuel Macron | — |
| Prime Minister | Sébastien Lecornu | — |
| Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs | Jean-Noël Barrot | 2024 |
Germany
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Chancellor | Friedrich Merz | 2025 |
| Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs | Dr Johann Wadephul | 6 May 2025 |
India
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Droupadi Murmu | — |
| Prime Minister | Narendra Modi | — |
| Minister of External Affairs | S. Jaishankar | 2019 |
| National Security Advisor | Ajit Doval | — |
Indonesia
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Prabowo Subianto | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Arrmanatha Christiawan Nasir | 1 October 2026 |
Iran
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Supreme Leader | Ali Khamenei | — |
| President | Masoud Pezeshkian | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Abbas Araghchi | 2024 |
Israel
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister (caretaker since the 27 October 2026 election) | Benjamin Netanyahu | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Gideon Sa'ar | — |
Japan
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Sanae Takaichi | 2025 |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | Toshimitsu Motegi | 21 October 2025 |
Malaysia
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Anwar Ibrahim | 2022 |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Mohamad bin Haji Hasan | — |
Nepal
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Ram Chandra Paudel | 13 March 2023 |
| Prime Minister | Balendra Shah (Balen Shah) | 27 March 2026 |
| Minister for Foreign Affairs | Shishir Khanal | 27 March 2026 |
Qatar
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Emir | Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani | — |
| Prime Minister & Minister of Foreign Affairs | Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani | — |
Russia
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Vladimir Putin | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Sergey Lavrov | — |
Saudi Arabia
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| King | Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud | — |
| Crown Prince & Prime Minister | Mohammed bin Salman | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud | — |
Sri Lanka
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Anura Kumara Dissanayake | — |
| Prime Minister | Dr Harini Amarasuriya | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Vijitha Herath | 2024 |
Türkiye
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Hakan Fidan | 2023 |
Ukraine
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Volodymyr Zelenskyy | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Andrii Sybiha | 2024 |
United Arab Emirates
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan | — |
| Prime Minister | Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum | — |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan | — |
United Kingdom
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| Head of State (King) | Charles III | — |
| Prime Minister | Andy Burnham ⭐ Most Asked | 20 July 2026 |
| Foreign Secretary | Ed Miliband | 20 July 2026 |
United States
| Office | Holder | Since |
|---|---|---|
| President | Donald Trump ⭐ Most Asked | 2025 |
| Secretary of State | Marco Rubio ⭐ Most Asked | 2025 |
| Vice President | JD Vance | 2025 |
| Secretary of Defense | Pete Hegseth | 2025 |
Frequently asked questions
Which countries should I learn first?
The neighbours and the powers: India, the United States, China, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Iran, Türkiye, Afghanistan and Bangladesh appear in almost every paper. Then the UK, Russia, France, Germany and Japan. This page orders every country the same way — head of state, head of government, foreign minister — so the pattern is easy to memorise.
Why do some countries list a king or an emir instead of a president?
Because that is who actually holds the office: Saudi Arabia and the UAE are monarchies, Qatar is an emirate, and Iran's highest authority is the Supreme Leader. Exams test the real office, so GK360 lists the real holder under the real title.
How current are these names?
Every entry was verified against 2026-dated official or news sources, and changes of government are folded in as they happen — for example Brazil's October 2026 election result and Israel's caretaker arrangement after its 27 October 2026 election are already reflected.