General Knowledge - PMS 2026 GK (Q101-150): Sudan Geography MCQs

Correct Answer: Khartoum

Khartoum is Sudan's capital, at the confluence of the Blue Nile and the White Nile.

Correct Answer: Blue Nile and White Nile

The Blue Nile (from Ethiopia) and the White Nile meet at Khartoum to form the Nile proper.

Correct Answer: Sudanese Pound

Sudan's official currency is the Sudanese Pound (SDG).

Correct Answer: Arabic

Arabic is Sudan's official and most widely spoken language.

Correct Answer: Sahara Desert

Northern Sudan lies within the Sahara, the world's largest hot desert.

Correct Answer: Egypt

Egypt borders Sudan to the north.

Correct Answer: Eritrea

Eritrea borders Sudan to the east, along the Red Sea coast.

Correct Answer: Ethiopia

Ethiopia borders Sudan to the southeast.

Correct Answer: South Sudan

South Sudan, independent since 9 July 2011, borders Sudan to the south.

Correct Answer: Chad

Chad borders Sudan to the west.

Correct Answer: Central African Republic

The Central African Republic borders Sudan to the southwest.

Correct Answer: 1.88 million sq km

Sudan covers about 1.86-1.88 million square kilometres, making it Africa's third-largest country by area.

Correct Answer: Red Sea Hills

The Red Sea Hills run along Sudan's eastern side, inland from the Red Sea coast.

Correct Answer: Arid and semi-arid

Most of Sudan has an arid or semi-arid climate, with rainfall increasing towards the south.

Correct Answer: Gash River

The seasonal Gash River flows through eastern Sudan around Kassala.

Correct Answer: Khartoum

Greater Khartoum, the capital's metropolitan area, is Sudan's largest urban area.

Correct Answer: Khartoum State

Khartoum city is the capital of Khartoum State.

Correct Answer: Red Sea

The Red Sea lies to the northeast of Sudan, with Port Sudan on its coast.

Correct Answer: About 45 million

Sudan's population in 2021 was about 45 million.

Correct Answer: Heglig and South Kordofan

Heglig and the South Kordofan border region hold Sudan's main remaining oilfields.

Correct Answer: Bayuda Desert

The Bayuda Desert lies in northern Sudan, in the great bend of the Nile.

Correct Answer: Sorghum

Sorghum is Sudan's staple grain and its main agricultural product by production.

Correct Answer: Federal presidential republic

Sudan is formally described as a federal presidential republic.

Correct Answer: Jebel Marra (3,042 m)

Jebel Marra in Darfur, at about 3,042 metres, is Sudan's highest mountain.

Correct Answer: Lake Nubia (part of Lake Nasser)

Lake Nubia, the Sudanese part of the reservoir behind the Aswan High Dam (Lake Nasser), is Sudan's largest lake.

Correct Answer: Khartoum

Khartoum, where the Blue and White Niles meet, is known as the city of the two Niles.

Correct Answer: Port Sudan

Port Sudan is Sudan's main Red Sea port.

Correct Answer: Gold

Gold is Sudan's best-known mineral resource and a leading export.

Correct Answer: Sudanese Arabs

Sudanese Arabs form the largest ethnic group in Sudan.

Correct Answer: Kingdom of Kush

The Kingdom of Kush flourished in northern Sudan (and southern Egypt) from about the 8th century BCE.

Correct Answer: Napata

Napata was the early capital of the Kingdom of Kush; Meroe became its later capital.

Correct Answer: Omdurman

Omdurman, the historic Mahdist capital across the Nile from Khartoum, is known for its Islamic monuments including the Mahdi's tomb.

Correct Answer: Desert scrub

Northern Sudan's arid climate supports desert scrub vegetation.

Correct Answer: Savannah

The southern region (the former southern Sudan, now South Sudan) is dominated by savannah.

Correct Answer: Islam

Islam is the main religion in Sudan, followed by the large majority of the population.

Correct Answer: Merowe Dam

The Merowe Dam, on the Nile in northern Sudan, was completed in 2009.

Correct Answer: Hot desert climate

Sudan's Red Sea coast has a hot desert climate.

Correct Answer: Jebel Marra

Jebel Marra is a volcanic field in Darfur, Sudan's main area of volcanic activity.

Correct Answer: Crude oil

Crude oil has traditionally been Sudan's largest export by value.

Correct Answer: Savannah woodland

The Blue Nile region's higher rainfall supports savannah woodland.

Correct Answer: Arabic

Before independence in 2011, Arabic was widely used as the lingua franca in the south; English became the official language of independent South Sudan.

Correct Answer: Lake Tana

Lake Tana, source of the Blue Nile, lies in Ethiopia near the Sudanese border.

Correct Answer: Nubia

Nubia in northern Sudan is famous for the ancient pyramids of Meroe and other Kushite sites.

Correct Answer: Western Sudan (Darfur)

The Darfur conflict, from 2003, took place in western Sudan.

Correct Answer: Libyan Desert (part of Sahara)

The Libyan Desert, the eastern part of the Sahara, covers western Sudan.