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PMS 2026 GK Practice Set - Sudan Civil War 2011, Q51-100 (CPA Aftermath, Borders & Civil War) Solved MCQs

Solved PMS 2026 GK practice set Q51-100 from the Sir Adnan Sudan Civil War booklet - CPA 2005 aftermath, Abyei referendum, oil disputes, UN membership and the December 2013 civil war MCQs with verified answers and explanations. A practice set for PMS Screening preparation, not an official past paper.

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Questions

40

Time

40

Minutes

Subjects

1

Topics

1

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About this paper

A Sir Adnan one-liner booklet headed 'SUDAN CIVIL WAR 2011-GK / ONE-LINER-200 (PPSC/FPSC NEW TREND 2025-26)' from the monster-data 'PMS SCREENING 2026 GK UPDATED' pack (13 pp). This file publishes Q51-100 only, in the standard MCQ format with verified answers and explanations: 40 published, 10 dropped. Dropped as internal duplicates of facts already published from the same booklet (Q1-50 file or earlier in this chunk): printed Q52 (millions displaced = Q20), Q53 (CPA enabled the referendum = Q2/Q37/Q46), Q66 (marginalisation as conflict driver = Q26), Q77 (Machar coup accusation = Q35), Q79 (capital Juba = Q47), Q80 (conflict began 2013 = Q17/Q62), Q81 (overwhelming yes vote = Q3/Q98), Q82 (the Nile = Q38), Q85 (strong support for secession = Q3/Q98). Dropped as unverifiable as printed: Q90 ('at least nine' states saw conflict in 2011 - no standard count supports nine of ten states in 2011). 1 CORRECTION (Q72: southeast neighbour is Kenya, not the booklet's Uganda) and 1 NOTE flag (Q64: 3.84 million valid votes cast vs 3.94 million registered). Q101-200 remain for later runs; the booklet PDF stays in work/pms-screening/.

pms pms-screening pms-2026 general-knowledge sudan south-sudan sudan-civil-war cpa-2005 abyei practice-set one-liner

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PMS 2026 GK Practice Set - Sudan Civil War 2011, Q51-100 (CPA Aftermath, Borders & Civil War)

Read mode 40 MCQs · 40 minutes

Subject 1

General Knowledge

40 MCQs
1

Topic Section

General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

40 solved MCQs shown directly below

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Q 1 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which organisation helped negotiate the CPA?

A

IGAD

B

African Union

C

United Nations

D

Arab League

View answer & explanation Ans: IGAD

Correct Answer: IGAD

The IGAD-led peace process mediated the north-south talks that produced the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005.

Q 2 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What did unresolved border demarcation cause?

A

Continuing conflict

B

Immediate demarcation

C

Full normalisation

D

Oil shutdown

View answer & explanation Ans: Continuing conflict

Correct Answer: Continuing conflict

Unresolved border demarcation, notably over Abyei and Heglig, kept north-south tension and clashes alive after independence.

Q 3 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was an immediate diplomatic support after independence?

A

International recognition

B

UN sanctions

C

Border closure

D

Trade embargo

View answer & explanation Ans: International recognition

Correct Answer: International recognition

South Sudan was swiftly recognised internationally and admitted to the United Nations on 14 July 2011.

Q 4 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What role did oil revenue play politically?

A

Source of contention

B

Source of unity

C

Irrelevant factor

D

Guaranteed income

View answer & explanation Ans: Source of contention

Correct Answer: Source of contention

How to share oil revenue, and the transit fees for southern oil exported through Sudan's pipeline, was a central post-independence dispute.

Q 5 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which group opposed Kiir in the civil war?

A

Machar supporters and allied militias

B

SPLA/M loyalists

C

Sudanese Armed Forces

D

Janjaweed

View answer & explanation Ans: Machar supporters and allied militias

Correct Answer: Machar supporters and allied militias

From December 2013, Riek Machar's supporters and allied militias fought President Salva Kiir's government forces.

Q 6 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What key date marks South Sudan's UN membership?

A

14 July 2011

B

9 July 2011

C

27 July 2011

D

14 July 2012

View answer & explanation Ans: 14 July 2011

Correct Answer: 14 July 2011

South Sudan was admitted to the United Nations on 14 July 2011, as its 193rd member state.

Q 7 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which body sponsored peacekeeping in South Sudan?

A

UNMISS

B

UNMIS

C

UNAMID

D

MINUSMA

View answer & explanation Ans: UNMISS

Correct Answer: UNMISS

The UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) was established by UN Security Council Resolution 1996 on 8 July 2011.

Q 8 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How was South Sudan's referendum considered?

A

Peaceful and transparent

B

Violent and disputed

C

Postponed indefinitely

D

Boycotted widely

View answer & explanation Ans: Peaceful and transparent

Correct Answer: Peaceful and transparent

The January 2011 independence referendum was widely judged peaceful and credible, with 98.83% voting for independence.

Q 9 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which country lies west of South Sudan?

A

Central African Republic

B

Ethiopia

C

Kenya

D

Eritrea

View answer & explanation Ans: Central African Republic

Correct Answer: Central African Republic

The Central African Republic borders South Sudan to the west.

Q 10 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Civil war in South Sudan began in which month of 2013?

A

December

B

July

C

September

D

March

View answer & explanation Ans: December

Correct Answer: December

Fighting broke out in Juba in mid-December 2013, opening the South Sudanese Civil War.

Q 11 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was a human cost of the civil war?

A

Significant casualties

B

Population growth

C

Mass return of refugees

D

Economic boom

View answer & explanation Ans: Significant casualties

Correct Answer: Significant casualties

The civil war killed an estimated several hundred thousand people and displaced millions of civilians.

Q 12 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was the electorate turnout in 2011?

A

Over 3.8 million

B

Over 1.5 million

C

Over 2.5 million

D

Over 5 million

View answer & explanation Ans: Over 3.8 million

Correct Answer: Over 3.8 million

About 3.84 million valid votes were cast in the 2011 referendum, from about 3.94 million registered voters.

Q 13 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which African body recognised South Sudan's independence?

A

African Union

B

Arab League

C

ECOWAS

D

SADC

View answer & explanation Ans: African Union

Correct Answer: African Union

The African Union admitted South Sudan as its 54th member on 27 July 2011.

Q 14 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which war resumed conflict in Southern Sudan post-1983?

A

Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005)

B

First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972)

C

Darfur War

D

South Sudanese Civil War (2013-2020)

View answer & explanation Ans: Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005)

Correct Answer: Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005)

The Second Sudanese Civil War began in 1983, after President Nimeiry abrogated the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement, and ended with the 2005 CPA.

Q 15 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What type of vote decided independence?

A

Referendum

B

Parliamentary election

C

Military coup

D

Royal decree

View answer & explanation Ans: Referendum

Correct Answer: Referendum

Independence was decided by the January 2011 referendum provided for in the 2005 CPA.

Q 16 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which population groups were most affected by violence?

A

Civilians

B

Foreign diplomats

C

Oil workers only

D

UN peacekeepers only

View answer & explanation Ans: Civilians

Correct Answer: Civilians

Civilians bore the brunt of the civil war's violence, with millions displaced internally and as refugees.

Q 17 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What blocked a permanent peaceful north-south border?

A

Disputes and demarcation issues

B

Language differences

C

Currency disputes

D

Climate change

View answer & explanation Ans: Disputes and demarcation issues

Correct Answer: Disputes and demarcation issues

Disputes over Abyei's status and the undemarcated border kept a permanent peaceful settlement out of reach.

Q 18 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How long did the CPA period last before the referendum?

A

Six years

B

Three years

C

Ten years

D

One year

View answer & explanation Ans: Six years

Correct Answer: Six years

The CPA was signed in January 2005 and the independence referendum followed in January 2011, six years later.

Q 19 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which neighbouring country lies southeast of South Sudan?

A

Kenya

B

Uganda

C

Ethiopia

D

Chad

View answer & explanation Ans: Kenya

Correct Answer: Kenya

Kenya borders South Sudan to the southeast; Uganda lies to the south.

Q 20 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How was South Sudan's flag created?

A

Adopted from the autonomous region design

B

Designed by the UN in 2011

C

Copied from Sudan's flag

D

Adopted from Ethiopia's flag

View answer & explanation Ans: Adopted from the autonomous region design

Correct Answer: Adopted from the autonomous region design

South Sudan's flag derives from the flag of the SPLM and of the autonomous Government of Southern Sudan, adopted at independence.

Q 21 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was one consequence of civil war?

A

Destroyed infrastructure

B

Improved roads

C

Expanded schools

D

Economic boom

View answer & explanation Ans: Destroyed infrastructure

Correct Answer: Destroyed infrastructure

Years of civil war destroyed infrastructure across South Sudan, including roads, schools and health facilities.

Q 22 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which referendum did not take place in 2011?

A

Abyei referendum

B

Southern independence referendum

C

Darfur referendum

D

Blue Nile referendum

View answer & explanation Ans: Abyei referendum

Correct Answer: Abyei referendum

The Abyei referendum promised under the CPA was never held, unlike the Southern independence referendum of January 2011.

Q 23 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

South Sudan's independence was the result of nearly how many years of war?

A

Nearly 40 years

B

Nearly 10 years

C

Nearly 20 years

D

Nearly 60 years

View answer & explanation Ans: Nearly 40 years

Correct Answer: Nearly 40 years

The two north-south wars together lasted about 39 years: the First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972, 17 years) and the Second (1983-2005, 22 years).

Q 24 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What caused post-independence instability?

A

Weak governance

B

Strong institutions

C

Economic surplus

D

Foreign invasion

View answer & explanation Ans: Weak governance

Correct Answer: Weak governance

Weak institutions, sharpened by the Kiir-Machar rivalry and ethnic divisions, drove post-independence instability.

Q 25 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

When was the CPA signed?

A

9 January 2005

B

9 January 2006

C

9 July 2005

D

9 January 2004

View answer & explanation Ans: 9 January 2005

Correct Answer: 9 January 2005

The Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed in Nairobi on 9 January 2005.

Q 26 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What was Southern Sudan's status between 2005-2011?

A

Autonomous region

B

Independent republic

C

Sudanese province

D

UN trust territory

View answer & explanation Ans: Autonomous region

Correct Answer: Autonomous region

Under the 2005 CPA, Southern Sudan was an autonomous region with its own government until independence in 2011.

Q 27 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which problem hindered post-war recovery?

A

Humanitarian needs

B

Oil surplus

C

Excess infrastructure

D

Population decline

View answer & explanation Ans: Humanitarian needs

Correct Answer: Humanitarian needs

Mass displacement, food insecurity and dependence on humanitarian aid hindered recovery after the wars.

Q 28 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What made post-independence peace fragile?

A

Ethnic divisions

B

Religious unity

C

Strong central rule

D

Foreign occupation

View answer & explanation Ans: Ethnic divisions

Correct Answer: Ethnic divisions

Ethnic divisions, above all Dinka-Nuer tensions sharpened by the Kiir-Machar rivalry, made post-independence peace fragile.

Q 29 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What challenge did oil disputes create?

A

Economic strain on both states

B

Oil boom for both

C

Debt cancellation

D

Currency union

View answer & explanation Ans: Economic strain on both states

Correct Answer: Economic strain on both states

The 2012 oil shutdown and the transit-fee dispute strained both Sudan's and South Sudan's economies, both dependent on oil revenue.

Q 30 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which nations' troops remained along disputed borders?

A

Both Sudan and South Sudan

B

Sudan only

C

South Sudan only

D

Ethiopian troops only

View answer & explanation Ans: Both Sudan and South Sudan

Correct Answer: Both Sudan and South Sudan

Both Sudanese and South Sudanese forces remained deployed in and around the disputed border areas, including Abyei and Heglig.

Q 31 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What defined South Sudan's early post-independence tension?

A

Border and resource disputes

B

Religious uniformity

C

Language policy

D

Currency stability

View answer & explanation Ans: Border and resource disputes

Correct Answer: Border and resource disputes

Early post-independence tension was defined by the unresolved border (Abyei, Heglig) and by oil-revenue disputes.

Q 32 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Who led SPLA/M during independence?

A

Salva Kiir

B

Riek Machar

C

John Garang

D

Omar al-Bashir

View answer & explanation Ans: Salva Kiir

Correct Answer: Salva Kiir

Salva Kiir led the SPLM/A after John Garang's death in July 2005 and became South Sudan's first president at independence.

Q 33 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What prevented Abyei's referendum?

A

Demarcation and residency disputes

B

Lack of international interest

C

Oil discovery in Juba

D

UN refusal

View answer & explanation Ans: Demarcation and residency disputes

Correct Answer: Demarcation and residency disputes

Disagreement over Abyei's boundaries and over who was eligible to vote, notably the Misseriya question, kept the Abyei referendum from ever being held.

Q 34 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which group continued insurgency post-2005?

A

Rebel groups in border areas

B

SPLA/M government forces

C

UN peacekeepers

D

Sudanese regular army in Juba

View answer & explanation Ans: Rebel groups in border areas

Correct Answer: Rebel groups in border areas

Militia and rebel groups remained active in the border areas after the 2005 CPA, even as the main north-south war ended.

Q 35 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What region lies north of South Sudan?

A

Sudan

B

Egypt

C

Ethiopia

D

Chad

View answer & explanation Ans: Sudan

Correct Answer: Sudan

Sudan borders South Sudan to the north.

Q 36 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

The CPA was instrumental in ending which war?

A

Second Sudanese Civil War

B

First Sudanese Civil War

C

Darfur War

D

South Sudanese Civil War

View answer & explanation Ans: Second Sudanese Civil War

Correct Answer: Second Sudanese Civil War

The 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement ended the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005).

Q 37 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

What rivalry characterised early South Sudan politics?

A

Kiir vs Machar

B

Garang vs Bashir

C

Kiir vs Bashir

D

Machar vs Bashir

View answer & explanation Ans: Kiir vs Machar

Correct Answer: Kiir vs Machar

The rivalry between President Salva Kiir and former vice president Riek Machar characterised early South Sudanese politics and drove the December 2013 war.

Q 38 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

How many voters chose secession in 2011?

A

About 3.79 million

B

About 2.5 million

C

About 4.5 million

D

About 44,888

View answer & explanation Ans: About 3.79 million

Correct Answer: About 3.79 million

About 3.79 million voters (3,792,518) chose secession in the 2011 referendum, against 44,888 no votes.

Q 39 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

Which body oversees UN peacekeeping in South Sudan?

A

UN Security Council

B

General Assembly

C

African Union

D

International Court of Justice

View answer & explanation Ans: UN Security Council

Correct Answer: UN Security Council

The UN Security Council mandates and oversees UNMISS, including through Resolution 1996 (2011) and its renewals.

Q 40 General Knowledge General Knowledge PMS 2026 GK (Q51 100): Sudan Civil War / South Sudan Independence

South Sudan's independence vote resulted from long-standing grievances tied to what?

A

Economic, political, and social marginalisation

B

Religious differences alone

C

Climate change alone

D

Foreign invasion

View answer & explanation Ans: Economic, political, and social marginalisation

Correct Answer: Economic, political, and social marginalisation

The south's long-standing economic, political and social marginalisation by Khartoum drove both north-south wars and the secession vote.

Source & verification

Built by GK360 from verified bank questions — every answer rechecked before publishing. Where the source printed no options, the answer options were prepared by GK360; the questions and correct answers are the verified originals.

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Questions

Paper practice FAQs

Is this an official PMS past paper? +

No. It is part 2 (Q51-100) of a Sir Adnan Sudan Civil War one-liner practice booklet prepared for PMS Screening 2026. It is published as paperType 'practice', never as a past paper, and the year 2026 is the booklet's label, not a claimed exam session.

When was the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed? +

On 9 January 2005 in Nairobi; it ended the Second Sudanese Civil War and provided for the January 2011 independence referendum.

Why was the Abyei referendum never held? +

Disagreement over Abyei's boundaries and over voter eligibility, notably the Misseriya residency question, kept the promised Abyei referendum from ever being held.

Where did the options come from? +

The source prints question + answer only, no options; the options are authored distractors under the 2026-10-28 single-format decision, so optionsSource is 'authored'.

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