PMS · PMS · 2026
Solved PMS 2026 GK practice set Q401-450 from the Sir Adnan 1000 one-liners booklet - ecosystems, biodiversity, water and carbon cycles, pollution and environmental conventions MCQs with verified answers and explanations. A practice set for PMS Screening preparation, not an official past paper.
Paper Snapshot
Questions
47
Time
47
Minutes
Subjects
1
Topics
1
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About this paper
A Sir Adnan one-liner booklet headed '1000- PMS 2026 GK / ONE-LINER (Origionally PMS SCREENING Syllabus BREAKDOWN)' from the monster-data 'PMS SCREENING 2026 GK UPDATED' pack (74 pp). This file publishes Q401-450 only, in the standard MCQ format with verified answers and explanations: 47 published, 3 dropped as internal duplicates of items already published from the same booklet (printed Q408 'Decomposers recycle? Nutrients' = Q396 in the Q351-400 file, same question reworded; printed Q419 'Atmosphere is composed mainly of? Nitrogen & Oxygen' = Q9 in the Q1-50 file, same question reworded; printed Q450 'Wind energy is converted by? Wind turbines' = Q186 in the Q151-200 file, verbatim - all cross-linked, not re-extracted), 0 corrections, 1 note flag (Q430 nitrogen-cycle three-step summary). No other item in Q401-450 repeats an item already published from the same booklet (checked stem by stem at >=0.8 token similarity against all earlier 1000-booklet files, plus manual fact review). Q451-1000 remain for later runs; the booklet PDF stays in work/pms-screening/.
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Subject 1
Topic Section
47 solved MCQs shown directly below
Correct Answer: Interaction of living & non-living components
An ecosystem is defined as the interaction of living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components in an area.
Correct Answer: Variety of life forms
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms (genes, species and ecosystems) in an area.
Correct Answer: Variation within species
Genetic diversity is variation within a species, i.e. differences in genes between individuals of the same species.
Correct Answer: Number of species in an ecosystem
Species diversity is the number (and variety) of species present in an ecosystem.
Correct Answer: Variety of ecosystems in a region
Ecosystem diversity is the variety of ecosystems (habitats, communities and landscapes) in a region.
Correct Answer: Plants / photosynthetic organisms
Producer organisms are plants and other photosynthetic organisms, which make their own food from sunlight.
Correct Answer: Organisms that eat producers or other consumers
Consumers are organisms that eat producers or other consumers, since they cannot make their own food.
Correct Answer: Flow of energy in ecosystem
A food chain shows the flow of energy in an ecosystem, from producers through successive consumer levels.
Correct Answer: Interconnected food chains
A food web is a network of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem.
Correct Answer: Position in food chain
A trophic level indicates an organism's position in a food chain (producer, primary consumer, and so on).
Correct Answer: Plants, animals, microbes
Biotic components include the living parts of an ecosystem: plants, animals and microbes.
Correct Answer: Sunlight, water, soil, temperature
Abiotic components include the non-living parts of an ecosystem: sunlight, water, soil, temperature and air.
Correct Answer: Hydrological cycle
The water cycle is also called the hydrological cycle.
Correct Answer: Water turning into vapor
Evaporation is water turning into vapor (gas), usually from a liquid surface.
Correct Answer: Water vapor forming clouds
Condensation is water vapor cooling and forming liquid droplets, seen as clouds and dew.
Correct Answer: Rain, snow, sleet, hail
Precipitation includes rain, snow, sleet and hail: water falling from clouds to the ground.
Correct Answer: Infiltration
Groundwater recharge occurs via infiltration: surface water soaking down through the soil into aquifers.
Correct Answer: CO2, CH4, N2O
Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O).
Correct Answer: Increased greenhouse gases
Global warming is caused by increased greenhouse gases trapping more heat in the atmosphere.
Correct Answer: Harmful UV radiation
The ozone layer protects life from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun.
Correct Answer: Deplete ozone layer
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) are harmful because they deplete the ozone layer.
Correct Answer: Sulfur & nitrogen oxides
Acid rain is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released into the air, which form acids in rain.
Correct Answer: Water, wind & deforestation
Soil erosion is caused by water, wind and deforestation (which removes the plant cover holding soil).
Correct Answer: Deforestation & overgrazing
Desertification occurs due to deforestation and overgrazing, which strip vegetation and degrade dry land.
Correct Answer: Biodiversity & climate
Deforestation affects biodiversity and climate: it destroys habitats and removes trees that store carbon.
Correct Answer: Water purification & biodiversity
Wetlands are important for water purification and biodiversity: they filter water and shelter many species.
Correct Answer: Photosynthesis & respiration
The carbon cycle involves photosynthesis (plants take in CO2) and respiration (organisms release CO2).
Correct Answer: Fixation, nitrification, denitrification
The nitrogen cycle involves fixation (N2 to usable forms), nitrification (ammonia to nitrates) and denitrification (nitrates back to N2).
Correct Answer: Igneous, sedimentary & metamorphic rocks
The rock cycle includes igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, each transforming into the others.
Correct Answer: Weathering of rocks & organic matter
Soil is formed from the weathering of rocks mixed with organic matter (humus).
Correct Answer: Solar, wind, water, biomass
Renewable natural resources include solar, wind, water and biomass energy sources, which replenish naturally.
Correct Answer: Coal, petroleum, natural gas
Non-renewable resources include coal, petroleum and natural gas: fossil fuels that do not replenish on a human timescale.
Correct Answer: Meeting present needs without harming future
Sustainable development means meeting present needs without harming the ability of future generations to meet theirs.
Correct Answer: Reduce, reuse, recycle
Waste management includes reduce, reuse and recycle: the three Rs for cutting waste.
Correct Answer: Air, water & soil
Industrial pollution mainly affects air, water and soil around factories and industrial sites.
Correct Answer: Industrial, domestic & agricultural
Water pollution sources include industrial effluents, domestic sewage and agricultural runoff.
Correct Answer: Broken down naturally by microbes
Biodegradable waste can be broken down naturally by microbes into harmless substances.
Correct Answer: Persists in environment
Non-biodegradable waste persists in the environment because microbes cannot break it down.
Correct Answer: Climate change & greenhouse gas reduction
The Kyoto Protocol (1997) deals with climate change and greenhouse gas reduction by committed countries.
Correct Answer: Limit global temperature rise
The Paris Agreement (2015) aims to limit global temperature rise to well below 2 degC above pre-industrial levels, pursuing 1.5 degC.
Correct Answer: Endangered species
CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) protects endangered species by regulating their international trade.
Correct Answer: Wetlands conservation
The Ramsar Convention deals with wetlands conservation: wetlands of international importance are listed and protected.
Correct Answer: Climate change negotiations
The UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change) deals with climate change negotiations between countries.
Correct Answer: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
Carbon credits are related to reducing greenhouse gas emissions: one credit typically represents one tonne of CO2 avoided or removed.
Correct Answer: Conservation & recycling
Sustainable water use involves conservation and recycling of water, so supplies last for future use.
Correct Answer: Solar energy
Energy from sunlight is called solar energy.
Correct Answer: Hydropower
Energy from flowing water is called hydropower (hydroelectric energy).
Source & verification
Built by GK360 from verified bank questions — every answer rechecked before publishing. Where the source printed no options, the answer options were prepared by GK360; the questions and correct answers are the verified originals.
Questions
No. It is part 9 (Q401-450) of a Sir Adnan 1000 one-liner practice booklet prepared for PMS Screening 2026. It is published as paperType 'practice', never as a past paper, and the year 2026 is the booklet's label, not a claimed exam session.
Genetic diversity is variation within a species; species diversity is the number of species in an ecosystem; ecosystem diversity is the variety of ecosystems in a region.
Climate: Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement under the UNFCCC; wetlands: the Ramsar Convention; endangered species trade: CITES.
The source prints question + answer only, no options; the options are authored distractors under the 2026-10-28 single-format decision, so optionsSource is 'authored'.
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